Life Cycle Gap Analysis for Product Circularity and Sustainability—a Case Study with Three Different Products

Abstract This paper aims to demonstrate the applicability and benefits of life cycle gap analyses for systematically integrating circular economy considerations into assessment. It presents three entirely different products (rechargeable batteries, T-shirts, plastic bottles), compares applications results, draws conclusions on usefulness method. The case studies reveal gaps 54% (plastic 61% batteries), 98% (T-shirts), indicating high potential further circularity improvements in current systems industries product groups. At same time, a weakness method is underlined. Even considering options increase circularity, at least 45% still exist, raising question what measures are really needed order achieve sustainability. analysis demonstrates general their contribution integration decision-making thinking.